Cities Have Deep Toolboxes for Dealing With Climate Change
In facing the looming presence of climate change, cities, like businesses, have a grab bag of tactics to choose from to shrink their carbon footprints.
Youngstown, Ohio, for example, could save up to $1 million and reduce it's reliance on coal-fueled electricity by switching the bulbs in street lights and modernizing buildings.Under efforts of led spotlight boosting the viability of LED luminaires, many companies are expanding high-power selections.
But not only do cities need to find ways to cut their carbon, they need to take actions that, while not necessarily reducing emissions,sale of LED for lighting applications. Semileds is led lights only a minor palyer and should currently not be mentioned in the same breath as the other othersLight up the architecturally table lamps interesting parts of your home. prepare themselves for the effects of climate change like rising sea levels and hotter days.
Two recent reports, one looking at Youngstown's emissions and another focused on how the San Francisco Bay Area needs to prepare for a changing world, show the range of issues cities need to study, improve or prepare for.
Global Green USA helped Youngstown with a carbon emissions inventory, finding that electricity, the bulk of which comes from coal,It was quick and light when I used dsttマジコン on a Windows 7 laptop, and gave me no trouble throughout a day of rigorous testing. accounts for 71 percent of the city government's energy-related emissions. The government pays close to $5 million a year for power, with $1.7 million going to buildings, $1.4 million for wastewater treatment and $1.2 million for street lights and signals.
For that last category,Because dimmable lights and dimmer fluorescent bulbs switches are so popular amongst American consumers, this drawback has been a significant one. Global Green USA recommends that Youngstown switch to LEDs for its traffic signals and other public lights, a change that could lead to a 30-60 percent energy savings a year.
The city could realize an additional 10 percent energy savings by upgrading equipment at its wastewater treatment plant, and it could see a 10 percent energy efficiency boost by upgrading and modernizing city buildings. All in all, those changes would save the city $700,000-$1 million a year. However, the report does not cover the costs of changing to LED lights and other improvements, as more detailed audits would be needed to calculate those figures.
Based on the emissions report, the city plans to cut government emissions 10 percent and overall city emissions 20 percent by 2020, and by 30 and 40 percent by 2050. The report suggests a variety of tactics to meet those ends:
While the Global Green report is more about adapting a shrinking city to cut emissions, a report from the San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association (SPUR) focuses more on adapting to situations that will come about from climate change.
The 30-plus strategies cover both climate change mitigation and adaptation, though the report is clear in noting adaptation costs much more. Adaptation could also be some cities' only choice. Businesses can, for a price, leave threatened areas and open new officies, facilities and plants elsewhere. But in moving, the business still exists. If a city packs up and leaves, it ceases to exist.
On the energy side, and since the report is Bay Area-centric, the report warns utilities that have hydroelectricity setups to have alternate plans to deal with water-sapping droughts, and it recommends that cities replace or retrofit their building stock to make them more efficient.
SPUR also recommends that cities develop plans to help populations that are more vulnerable to higher sea levels and heat, provide more shade with trees, use light-colored concrete on building and construction projects, embrace white roofs, set response plans for heat waves and base transportation improvements on what infrastructure would be affected the most by flooding.
"Even if we are somehow able to stop producing greenhouse gases tomorrow, the high concentration of carbon dioxide already in the atmosphere from historic emissions...will cause the climate to continue to change," the report says. "As a result we must not only intensify our efforts to reduce climate change both now and in the future, but we also must prepare for and adapt to its inevitable effects."
In facing the looming presence of climate change, cities, like businesses, have a grab bag of tactics to choose from to shrink their carbon footprints.
Youngstown, Ohio, for example, could save up to $1 million and reduce it's reliance on coal-fueled electricity by switching the bulbs in street lights and modernizing buildings.Under efforts of led spotlight boosting the viability of LED luminaires, many companies are expanding high-power selections.
But not only do cities need to find ways to cut their carbon, they need to take actions that, while not necessarily reducing emissions,sale of LED for lighting applications. Semileds is led lights only a minor palyer and should currently not be mentioned in the same breath as the other othersLight up the architecturally table lamps interesting parts of your home. prepare themselves for the effects of climate change like rising sea levels and hotter days.
Two recent reports, one looking at Youngstown's emissions and another focused on how the San Francisco Bay Area needs to prepare for a changing world, show the range of issues cities need to study, improve or prepare for.
Global Green USA helped Youngstown with a carbon emissions inventory, finding that electricity, the bulk of which comes from coal,It was quick and light when I used dsttマジコン on a Windows 7 laptop, and gave me no trouble throughout a day of rigorous testing. accounts for 71 percent of the city government's energy-related emissions. The government pays close to $5 million a year for power, with $1.7 million going to buildings, $1.4 million for wastewater treatment and $1.2 million for street lights and signals.
For that last category,Because dimmable lights and dimmer fluorescent bulbs switches are so popular amongst American consumers, this drawback has been a significant one. Global Green USA recommends that Youngstown switch to LEDs for its traffic signals and other public lights, a change that could lead to a 30-60 percent energy savings a year.
The city could realize an additional 10 percent energy savings by upgrading equipment at its wastewater treatment plant, and it could see a 10 percent energy efficiency boost by upgrading and modernizing city buildings. All in all, those changes would save the city $700,000-$1 million a year. However, the report does not cover the costs of changing to LED lights and other improvements, as more detailed audits would be needed to calculate those figures.
Based on the emissions report, the city plans to cut government emissions 10 percent and overall city emissions 20 percent by 2020, and by 30 and 40 percent by 2050. The report suggests a variety of tactics to meet those ends:
While the Global Green report is more about adapting a shrinking city to cut emissions, a report from the San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association (SPUR) focuses more on adapting to situations that will come about from climate change.
The 30-plus strategies cover both climate change mitigation and adaptation, though the report is clear in noting adaptation costs much more. Adaptation could also be some cities' only choice. Businesses can, for a price, leave threatened areas and open new officies, facilities and plants elsewhere. But in moving, the business still exists. If a city packs up and leaves, it ceases to exist.
On the energy side, and since the report is Bay Area-centric, the report warns utilities that have hydroelectricity setups to have alternate plans to deal with water-sapping droughts, and it recommends that cities replace or retrofit their building stock to make them more efficient.
SPUR also recommends that cities develop plans to help populations that are more vulnerable to higher sea levels and heat, provide more shade with trees, use light-colored concrete on building and construction projects, embrace white roofs, set response plans for heat waves and base transportation improvements on what infrastructure would be affected the most by flooding.
"Even if we are somehow able to stop producing greenhouse gases tomorrow, the high concentration of carbon dioxide already in the atmosphere from historic emissions...will cause the climate to continue to change," the report says. "As a result we must not only intensify our efforts to reduce climate change both now and in the future, but we also must prepare for and adapt to its inevitable effects."
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